Raja Muthupillai, PhD

Dr. Muthupillai is a biomedical imaging scientist with extensive experience in developing imaging methods to study tissue structure, function and metabolism. His pioneering work on MR elastography – an MRI based approach to measure tissue stiffness – has found numerous clinical applications.

Show full bio

Dr. Muthupillai’s research interests include the development of rapid MR imaging methods to evaluate myocardial structure, function, and flow. He has published extensively and holds several patents. His current research focuses on developing approaches to reduce barriers to access for advanced imaging methods, typically restricted to tertiary-care settings, to the broader community.

See Publications

Education

  • Undergraduate:

    University of Madras

  • Postgraduate:

    Mayo Graduate School

Academic & Clinical Affiliations

Certifications

  • American Board of Radiology - Diplomate in Diagnostic Radiology
  • American Board of Medical Physics - Diplomate in Medical Physics (MRI)
  • American Board of MR Safety - MR Safety Expert (MRSE)

Honors, Awards and Memberships

Publications

4862227 EA6QZY69 1 alternatives-to-animal-experimentation 10 date desc Muthupillai 2022 https://www.texasheart.org/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22D527H3I3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Rajagopal%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-02-14%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BRajagopal%2C%20K.%20R.%2C%20Myneni%2C%20M.%2C%20Trevino%2C%20A.%20et%20al.%20%282023%29.%20Developing%20improved%20mathematical%20models%20of%20aortic%20mechanics.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJ%20Thorac%20Cardiovasc%20Surg%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20S0022-5223%2823%2900159%26%23x2013%3B9.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.jtcvs.2023.02.004%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.jtcvs.2023.02.004%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Developing%20improved%20mathematical%20models%20of%20aortic%20mechanics%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kumbakonam%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rajagopal%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Manoj%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Myneni%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alexandria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Trevino%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chandler%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Benjamin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Keshava%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rajagopal%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-02-14%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.jtcvs.2023.02.004%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221097-685X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22EA6QZY69%22%2C%22BNSCCUCI%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-06-08T13%3A52%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ACLYZNSM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kumar%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-08-17%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKumar%2C%20P.%2C%20Liu%2C%20C.%2C%20Suliburk%2C%20J.%20et%20al.%20%282022%29.%20Supplementing%20glycine%20and%20n-acetylcysteine%20%28glynac%29%20in%20older%20adults%20improves%20glutathione%20deficiency%2C%20oxidative%20stress%2C%20mitochondrial%20dysfunction%2C%20inflammation%2C%20physical%20function%2C%20and%20aging%20hallmarks%3A%20A%20randomized%20clinical%20trial.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJ%20Gerontol%20A%20Biol%20Sci%20Med%20Sci%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20glac135.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fgerona%5C%2Fglac135%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fgerona%5C%2Fglac135%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Supplementing%20glycine%20and%20n-acetylcysteine%20%28glynac%29%20in%20older%20adults%20improves%20glutathione%20deficiency%2C%20oxidative%20stress%2C%20mitochondrial%20dysfunction%2C%20inflammation%2C%20physical%20function%2C%20and%20aging%20hallmarks%3A%20A%20randomized%20clinical%20trial%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Premranjan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kumar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chun%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Suliburk%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hsu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farook%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahoor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Charles%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Minard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22George%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Taffet%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rajagopal%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sekhar%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Elevated%20oxidative%20stress%20%28OxS%29%2C%20mitochondrial%20dysfunction%2C%20and%20hallmarks%20of%20aging%20are%20identified%20as%20key%20contributors%20to%20aging%2C%20but%20improving%5C%2Freversing%20these%20defects%20in%20older%20adults%20%28OA%29%20is%20challenging.%20In%20prior%20studies%2C%20we%20identified%20that%20deficiency%20of%20the%20intracellular%20antioxidant%20glutathione%20%28GSH%29%20could%20play%20a%20role%20and%20reported%20that%20supplementing%20GlyNAC%20%28combination%20of%20glycine%20and%20N-acetylcysteine%20%5BNAC%5D%29%20in%20aged%20mice%20improved%20GSH%20deficiency%2C%20OxS%2C%20mitochondrial%20fatty-acid%20oxidation%20%28MFO%29%2C%20and%20insulin%20resistance%20%28IR%29.%20To%20test%20whether%20GlyNAC%20supplementation%20in%20OA%20could%20improve%20GSH%20deficiency%2C%20OxS%2C%20mitochondrial%20dysfunction%2C%20IR%2C%20physical%20function%2C%20and%20aging%20hallmarks%2C%20we%20conducted%20a%20placebo-controlled%20randomized%20clinical%20trial.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20Twenty-four%20OA%20and%2012%20young%20adults%20%28YA%29%20were%20studied.%20OA%20was%20randomized%20to%20receive%20either%20GlyNAC%20%28N%20%3D%2012%29%20or%20isonitrogenous%20alanine%20placebo%20%28N%20%3D%2012%29%20for%2016-weeks%3B%20YA%20%28N%20%3D%2012%29%20received%20GlyNAC%20for%202-weeks.%20Participants%20were%20studied%20before%2C%20after%202-weeks%2C%20and%20after%2016-weeks%20of%20supplementation%20to%20assess%20GSH%20concentrations%2C%20OxS%2C%20MFO%2C%20molecular%20regulators%20of%20energy%20metabolism%2C%20inflammation%2C%20endothelial%20function%2C%20IR%2C%20aging%20hallmarks%2C%20gait%20speed%2C%20muscle%20strength%2C%206-minute%20walk%20test%2C%20body%20composition%2C%20and%20blood%20pressure.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Compared%20to%20YA%2C%20OA%20had%20GSH%20deficiency%2C%20OxS%2C%20mitochondrial%20dysfunction%20%28with%20defective%20molecular%20regulation%29%2C%20inflammation%2C%20endothelial%20dysfunction%2C%20IR%2C%20multiple%20aging%20hallmarks%2C%20impaired%20physical%20function%2C%20increased%20waist%20circumference%2C%20and%20systolic%20blood%20pressure.%20GlyNAC%20%28and%20not%20placebo%29%20supplementation%20in%20OA%20improved%5C%2Fcorrected%20these%20defects.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20GlyNAC%20supplementation%20in%20OA%20for%2016-weeks%20was%20safe%20and%20well-tolerated.%20By%20combining%20the%20benefits%20of%20glycine%2C%20NAC%20and%20GSH%2C%20GlyNAC%20is%20an%20effective%20nutritional%20supplement%20that%20improves%20and%20reverses%20multiple%20age-associated%20abnormalities%20to%20promote%20health%20in%20aging%20humans.%20Clinical%20Trials%20Registration%20Number%3A%20NCT01870193.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Aug%2017%202022%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fgerona%5C%2Fglac135%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221758-535X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22EA6QZY69%22%2C%22VTWWYEIB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-02T20%3A14%3A58Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22Z8WGZPRJ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cheong%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-05-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BCheong%2C%20B.%20Y.%20C.%2C%20Wilson%2C%20J.%20M.%2C%20Preventza%2C%20O.%20A.%20et%20al.%20%282022%29.%20Gadolinium-based%20contrast%20agents%3A%20updates%20and%20answers%20to%20typical%20questions%20regarding%20gadolinium%20use.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BTex%20Heart%20Inst%20J%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B49%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20e217680.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.14503%5C%2FTHIJ-21-7680%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.14503%5C%2FTHIJ-21-7680%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Gadolinium-based%20contrast%20agents%3A%20updates%20and%20answers%20to%20typical%20questions%20regarding%20gadolinium%20use%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%20Y.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wilson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ourania%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Preventza%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Gadolinium-based%20contrast%20agents%20have%20expanded%20the%20diagnostic%20usefulness%20and%20capability%20of%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging.%20Despite%20their%20highly%20favorable%20safety%20profile%2C%20these%20agents%20have%20been%20associated%20with%20nephrogenic%20systemic%20fibrosis%20in%20a%20small%20number%20of%20patients%20who%20have%20advanced%20kidney%20disease.%20Recently%2C%20trace%20amounts%20of%20gadolinium%20deposition%20in%20the%20brain%20and%20other%20organs%20have%20been%20reported%20after%20contrast%20exposure%2C%20even%20in%20patients%20with%20normal%20renal%20function.%20In%20this%20review%2C%20we%20provide%20a%20brief%20overview%20of%20recent%20updates%20and%20discuss%20typical%20clinical%20situations%20related%20to%20the%20use%20of%20gadolinium-based%20contrast%20agents.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%2001%202022%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.14503%5C%2FTHIJ-21-7680%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221526-6702%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22SQD2CTYV%22%2C%22CXMKC5YW%22%2C%22EA6QZY69%22%2C%22ZSY78DJL%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-07-06T19%3A04%3A00Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22Q9ADJ4GM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Pednekar%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-09-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BPednekar%2C%20A.%20S.%2C%20Cheong%2C%20B.%20Y.%20C.%20and%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMuthupillai%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20R.%20%282021%29.%20Ultrafast%20computation%20of%20left%20ventricular%20ejection%20fraction%20by%20using%20temporal%20intensity%20variation%20in%20cine%20cardiac%20magnetic%20resonance.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BTex%20Heart%20Inst%20J%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B48%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20e207238.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.14503%5C%2FTHIJ-20-7238%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.14503%5C%2FTHIJ-20-7238%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Ultrafast%20computation%20of%20left%20ventricular%20ejection%20fraction%20by%20using%20temporal%20intensity%20variation%20in%20cine%20cardiac%20magnetic%20resonance%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amol%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pednekar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%20Y.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Cardiac%20magnetic%20resonance%20enables%20comprehensive%20cardiac%20evaluation%3B%20however%2C%20intense%20time%20and%20labor%20requirements%20for%20data%20acquisition%20and%20processing%20have%20discouraged%20many%20clinicians%20from%20using%20it.%20We%20have%20developed%20an%20alternative%20image-processing%20algorithm%20that%20requires%20minimal%20user%20interaction%3A%20an%20ultrafast%20algorithm%20that%20computes%20left%20ventricular%20ejection%20fraction%20%28LVEF%29%20by%20using%20temporal%20intensity%20variation%20in%20cine%20balanced%20steady-state%20free%20precession%20%28bSSFP%29%20short-axis%20images%2C%20with%20or%20without%20contrast%20medium.%20We%20evaluated%20the%20algorithm%26%23039%3Bs%20performance%20against%20an%20expert%20observer%26%23039%3Bs%20analysis%20for%20segmenting%20the%20LV%20cavity%20in%2065%20study%20participants%20%28LVEF%20range%2C%2012%25-70%25%29.%20In%2012%20instances%2C%20contrast%20medium%20was%20administered%20before%20cine%20imaging.%20Bland-Altman%20analysis%20revealed%20quantitative%20effects%20of%20LV%20basal%2C%20midcavity%2C%20and%20apical%20morphologic%20variation%20on%20the%20algorithm%26%23039%3Bs%20accuracy.%20Total%20computation%20time%20for%20the%20LV%20stack%20was%20%26lt%3B2.5%20seconds.%20The%20algorithm%20accurately%20delineated%20endocardial%20boundaries%20in%201%2C132%20of%201%2C216%20slices%20%2893%25%29.%20When%20contours%20in%20the%20extreme%20basal%20and%20apical%20slices%20were%20not%20adequate%2C%20they%20were%20replaced%20with%20manually%20drawn%20contours.%20The%20Bland-Altman%20mean%20differences%20were%20%26lt%3B1.2%20mL%20%280.8%25%29%20for%20end-diastolic%20volume%2C%20%26lt%3B5%20mL%20%286%25%29%20for%20end-systolic%20volume%2C%20and%20%26lt%3B3%25%20for%20LVEF.%20Standard%20deviation%20of%20the%20difference%20was%20%5Cu22644.1%25%20of%20LV%20volume%20for%20all%20sections%20except%20the%20midcavity%20in%20end-systole%20%288.3%25%20of%20end-systolic%20volume%29.%20We%20conclude%20that%20temporal%20intensity%20variation-based%20ultrafast%20LVEF%20computation%20is%20clinically%20accurate%20across%20a%20range%20of%20LV%20shapes%20and%20wall%20motions%20and%20is%20suitable%20for%20postcontrast%20cine%20SSFP%20imaging.%20Our%20algorithm%20enables%20real-time%20processing%20of%20cine%20bSSFP%20images%20on%20a%20commercial%20scanner%20console%20within%203%20seconds%20in%20an%20unobtrusive%20automated%20process.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sept%2001%202021%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.14503%5C%2FTHIJ-20-7238%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221526-6702%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22CXMKC5YW%22%2C%22EA6QZY69%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-10-29T19%3A41%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HLE8NQ3S%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Angelini%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BAngelini%2C%20P.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMuthupillai%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20R.%2C%20Lopez%2C%20A.%20et%20al.%20%282021%29.%20Young%20athletes%3A%20Preventing%20sudden%20death%20by%20adopting%20a%20modern%20screening%20approach%3F%20A%20critical%20review%20and%20the%20opening%20of%20a%20debate.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInt%20J%20Cardiol%20Heart%20Vasc%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B34%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20100790.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijcha.2021.100790%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijcha.2021.100790%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Young%20athletes%3A%20Preventing%20sudden%20death%20by%20adopting%20a%20modern%20screening%20approach%3F%20A%20critical%20review%20and%20the%20opening%20of%20a%20debate%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paolo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Angelini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alberto%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lopez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carlo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Uribe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eduardo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hernandez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephanie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Coulter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Emerson%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Perin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silvana%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Molossi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Federico%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gentile%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Scott%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Flamm%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lorenz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Flavio%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22D%27Ascenzi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jonathan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tobis%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sarnari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antonio%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Corno%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Furgerson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amedeo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chiribiri%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adriana%20D.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Villa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fulvio%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orzan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pedro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brugada%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jefferies%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pierre%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aubry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jeffrey%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Towbin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gaetano%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thiene%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tomanek%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Preventing%20sudden%20cardiac%20death%20%28SCD%29%20in%20athletes%20is%20a%20primary%20duty%20of%20sports%20cardiologists.%20Current%20recommendations%20for%20detecting%20high-risk%20cardiovascular%20conditions%20%28hr-CVCs%29%20are%20history%20and%20physical%20examination%20%28H%26amp%3BP%29-based.%20We%20discuss%20the%20effectiveness%20of%20H%26amp%3BP-based%20screening%20versus%20more-modern%20and%20accurate%20methods.%20In%20this%20position%20paper%2C%20we%20review%20current%20authoritative%20statements%20and%20suggest%20a%20novel%20alternative%3A%20screening%20MRI%20%28s-MRI%29%2C%20supported%20by%20evidence%20from%20a%20preliminary%20population-based%20study%20%28completed%20in%202018%29%2C%20and%20a%20prospective%2C%20controlled%20study%20in%20military%20recruits%20%28in%20development%29.%20We%20present%3A%201.%20Literature-Based%20Comparisons%20%28for%20diagnosing%20hr-CVCs%29%3A%20Two%20recent%20studies%20using%20traditional%20methods%20to%20identify%20hr-CVCs%20in%20%26gt%3B3%2C000%20young%20athletes%20are%20compared%20with%20our%20s-MRI-based%20study%20of%205%2C169%20adolescents.%202.%20Critical%20Review%20of%20Previous%20Results%3A%20The%20reported%20incidence%20of%20SCD%20in%20athletes%20is%20presently%20based%20on%20retrospective%2C%20observational%2C%20and%20incomplete%20studies.%20H%26amp%3BP%26%23039%3Bs%20screening%20value%20seems%20minimal%20for%20structural%20heart%20disease%2C%20versus%20echocardiography%20%28which%20improves%20diagnosis%20for%20high-risk%20cardiomyopathies%29%20and%20s-MRI%20%28which%20also%20identifies%20high-risk%20coronary%20artery%20anomalies%29.%20Electrocardiography%20is%20valuable%20in%20screening%20for%20potentially%20high-risk%20electrophysiological%20anomalies.%203.%20Proposed%20Project%20%3A%20We%20propose%20a%20prospective%2C%20controlled%20study%20%282%20comparable%20large%20cohorts%3A%20one%20historical%2C%20one%20prospective%29%20to%20compare%3A%20%281%29%20diagnostic%20accuracy%20and%20resulting%20mortality-prevention%20performance%20of%20traditional%20screening%20methods%20versus%20questionnaire%5C%2Felectrocardiography%5C%2Fs-MRI%2C%20during%202-month%20periods%20of%20intense%2C%20structured%20exercise%20%28in%20military%20recruits%2C%20in%20advanced%20state%20of%20preparation%29%3B%20%282%29%20global%20costs%20and%20cost%5C%2Fefficiency%20between%20these%20two%20methods.%20This%20study%20should%20contribute%20significantly%20toward%20a%20comprehensive%20understanding%20of%20the%20incidence%20and%20causes%20of%20exercise-related%20mortality%20%28including%20establishing%20a%20definition%20of%20hr-CVCs%29%20while%20aiming%20to%20reduce%20mortality.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22June%202021%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.ijcha.2021.100790%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222352-9067%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22DV9ZHE2J%22%2C%22UJCYSTVM%22%2C%22CXMKC5YW%22%2C%228HHBIBI6%22%2C%22M5BIXWLJ%22%2C%22EA6QZY69%22%2C%22MXKXGRC3%22%2C%228PULYTSK%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-07-20T19%3A56%3A45Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22E66FQG56%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cheong%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BCheong%2C%20B.%20Y.%20C.%2C%20Wilson%2C%20J.%20M.%2C%20Spann%2C%20S.%20J.%20et%20al.%20%282021%29.%20Coronary%20artery%20calcium%20scoring%3A%20an%20evidence-based%20guide%20for%20primary%20care%20physicians.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJ%20Intern%20Med%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B289%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20309%26%23x2013%3B324.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fjoim.13176%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fjoim.13176%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Coronary%20artery%20calcium%20scoring%3A%20an%20evidence-based%20guide%20for%20primary%20care%20physicians%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20Y.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wilson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Spann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pettigrew%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Preventza%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Primary%20care%20physicians%20often%20must%20decide%20whether%20statin%20therapy%20would%20be%20appropriate%20%28in%20addition%20to%20lifestyle%20modification%29%20for%20managing%20asymptomatic%20individuals%20with%20borderline%20or%20intermediate%20risk%20for%20developing%20atherosclerotic%20cardiovascular%20disease%20%28ASCVD%29%2C%20as%20assessed%20on%20the%20basis%20of%20traditional%20risk%20factors.%20In%20appropriate%20subjects%2C%20a%20simple%2C%20noninvasive%20measurement%20of%20coronary%20artery%20calcium%20can%20help%20clarify%20risk.%20Coronary%20atherosclerosis%20is%20a%20chronic%20inflammatory%20disease%2C%20with%20atherosclerotic%20plaque%20formation%20involving%20intimal%20inflammation%20and%20repeated%20cycles%20of%20erosion%20and%20fibrosis%2C%20healing%20and%20calcification.%20Atherosclerotic%20plaque%20formation%20represents%20the%20prognostic%20link%20between%20risk%20factors%20and%20future%20clinical%20events.%20The%20presence%20of%20coronary%20artery%20calcification%20is%20almost%20exclusively%20an%20indication%20of%20coronary%20artery%20disease%2C%20except%20in%20certain%20metabolic%20conditions.%20Coronary%20artery%20calcification%20can%20be%20detected%20and%20quantified%20in%20a%20matter%20of%20seconds%20by%20noncontrast%20electrocardiogram-gated%20low-dose%20X-ray%20computed%20tomography%20%28coronary%20artery%20calcium%20scoring%20%5BCACS%5D%29.%20Since%20the%20publication%20of%20the%20seminal%20work%20by%20Dr.%5Cu00a0Arthur%20Agatston%20in%201990%2C%20a%20wealth%20of%20CACS-based%20prognostic%20data%20has%20been%20reported.%20In%20addition%2C%20recent%20guidelines%20from%20various%20professional%20societies%20conclude%20that%20CACS%20may%20be%20considered%20as%20a%20tool%20for%20reclassifying%20risk%20for%20atherosclerotic%20cardiovascular%20disease%20in%20patients%20otherwise%20assessed%20to%20have%20intermediate%20risk%2C%20so%20as%20to%20more%20accurately%20inform%20decisions%20about%20possible%20statin%20therapy%20in%20addition%20to%20lifestyle%20modification%20as%20primary%20preventive%20therapy.%20In%20this%20review%2C%20we%20provide%20an%20overview%20of%20CACS%2C%20from%20acquisition%20to%20interpretation%2C%20and%20summarize%20the%20scientific%20evidence%20for%20and%20the%20appropriate%20use%20of%20CACS%20as%20put%20forth%20in%20current%20clinical%20guidelines.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Mar%202021%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fjoim.13176%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221365-2796%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22SQD2CTYV%22%2C%22CXMKC5YW%22%2C%22EA6QZY69%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-03-22T15%3A40%3A22Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22UF66LSBT%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kumar%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-09-30%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKumar%2C%20P.%2C%20Liu%2C%20C.%2C%20Suliburk%2C%20J.%20W.%20et%20al.%20%282020%29.%20Supplementing%20Glycine%20and%20N-acetylcysteine%20%28GlyNAC%29%20in%20Aging%20HIV%20Patients%20Improves%20Oxidative%20Stress%2C%20Mitochondrial%20Dysfunction%2C%20Inflammation%2C%20Endothelial%20Dysfunction%2C%20Insulin%20Resistance%2C%20Genotoxicity%2C%20Strength%2C%20and%20Cognition%3A%20Results%20of%20an%20Open-Label%20Clinical%20Trial.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BBiomedicines%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B8%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20E390.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3390%5C%2Fbiomedicines8100390%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3390%5C%2Fbiomedicines8100390%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Supplementing%20Glycine%20and%20N-acetylcysteine%20%28GlyNAC%29%20in%20Aging%20HIV%20Patients%20Improves%20Oxidative%20Stress%2C%20Mitochondrial%20Dysfunction%2C%20Inflammation%2C%20Endothelial%20Dysfunction%2C%20Insulin%20Resistance%2C%20Genotoxicity%2C%20Strength%2C%20and%20Cognition%3A%20Results%20of%20an%20Open-Label%20Clinical%20Trial%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Premranjan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kumar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chun%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Suliburk%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Charles%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Minard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shaji%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chacko%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hsu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Farook%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahoor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rajagopal%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sekhar%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%20Patients%20with%20HIV%20%28PWH%29%20develop%20geriatric%20comorbidities%2C%20including%20functional%20and%20cognitive%20decline%20at%20a%20younger%20age.%20However%2C%20contributing%20mechanisms%20are%20unclear%20and%20interventions%20are%20lacking.%20We%20hypothesized%20that%20deficiency%20of%20the%20antioxidant%20protein%20glutathione%20%28GSH%29%20contributes%20to%20multiple%20defects%20representing%20premature%20aging%20in%20PWH%2C%20and%20that%20these%20defects%20could%20be%20improved%20by%20supplementing%20the%20GSH%20precursors%20glycine%20and%20N-acetylcysteine%20%28GlyNAC%29.%20Methods%3A%20We%20conducted%20an%20open%20label%20clinical%20trial%20where%20eight%20PWH%20and%20eight%20matched%20uninfected-controls%20were%20studied%20at%20baseline.%20PWH%20were%20studied%20again%2012-weeks%20after%20receiving%20GlyNAC%2C%20and%208-weeks%20after%20stopping%20GlyNAC.%20Controls%20did%20not%20receive%20supplementation.%20Outcome%20measures%20included%20red-blood%20cell%20and%20muscle%20GSH%20concentrations%2C%20mitochondrial%20function%2C%20mitophagy%20and%20autophagy%2C%20oxidative%20stress%2C%20inflammation%2C%20endothelial%20function%2C%20genomic%20damage%2C%20insulin%20resistance%2C%20glucose%20production%2C%20muscle-protein%20breakdown%20rates%2C%20body%20composition%2C%20physical%20function%20and%20cognition.%20Results%3A%20PWH%20had%20significant%20defects%20in%20measured%20outcomes%2C%20which%20improved%20with%20GlyNAC%20supplementation.%20However%2C%20benefits%20receded%20after%20stopping%20GlyNAC.%20Conclusions%3A%20This%20open%20label%20trial%20finds%20that%20PWH%20have%20premature%20aging%20based%20on%20multiple%20biological%20and%20functional%20defects%2C%20and%20identifies%20novel%20mechanistic%20explanations%20for%20cognitive%20and%20physical%20decline.%20Nutritional%20supplementation%20with%20GlyNAC%20improves%20comorbidities%20suggestive%20of%20premature%20aging%20in%20PWH%20including%20functional%20and%20cognitive%20decline%2C%20and%20warrants%20additional%20investigation.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020-09-30%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3390%5C%2Fbiomedicines8100390%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222227-9059%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22EA6QZY69%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-08-05T20%3A29%3A06Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FG2DTU9E%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ajala%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BAjala%2C%20A.%2C%20Zhang%2C%20J.%2C%20Pednekar%2C%20A.%20et%20al.%20%282020%29.%20Mitral%20valve%20flow%20and%20myocardial%20motion%20assessed%20with%20dual-echo%20dual-velocity%20cardiac%20MRI.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BRadiol%20Cardiothorac%20Imaging%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B2%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20e190126.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1148%5C%2Fryct.2020190126%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1148%5C%2Fryct.2020190126%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Mitral%20valve%20flow%20and%20myocardial%20motion%20assessed%20with%20dual-echo%20dual-velocity%20cardiac%20MRI%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Afis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ajala%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jiming%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zhang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amol%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pednekar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Erick%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Buko%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Luning%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pei-Herng%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Purpose%3A%20To%20develop%20a%20dual-echo%20phase-contrast%20%28DEPC%29%20MRI%20approach%20with%20which%20each%20echo%20is%20acquired%20by%20using%20a%20different%20velocity%20sensitivity%20within%20one%20repetition%20time%20%28TR%29%20and%20demonstrate%20the%20feasibility%20of%20this%20approach%20to%20measure%20transmitral%20blood%20flow%20%28E%29%20and%20myocardial%20tissue%20%28Em%29%20velocities.%5CnMaterials%20and%20Methods%3A%20The%20flow%20across%20tubes%20of%20known%20diameter%20was%20measured%20by%20using%20the%20proposed%20DEPC%20method%20and%20compared%20with%20flowmeter%20measurements%20and%20theoretic%20predictions.%20Then%2C%20with%20both%20the%20DEPC%20MRI%20sequence%20and%20the%20conventional%20single-echo%20phase-contrast%20%28SEPC%29%20MRI%20sequence%2C%20E%2C%20Em%2C%20and%20E%5C%2FEm%20were%20measured%20in%20six%20healthy%20volunteers%20%28mean%20age%2C%2049%20years%20%5Cu00b1%2013%20%5Bstandard%20deviation%5D%29%20and%20eight%20patients%20%28mean%20age%2C%2054%20years%20%5Cu00b1%2015%29%20being%20evaluated%20for%20cardiac%20disease.%20Differences%20between%20the%20DEPC%20and%20conventional%20SEPC%20MRI%20methods%20were%20assessed%20by%20percent%20error%2C%20Pearson%20correlation%2C%20and%20Bland-Altman%20analyses.%5CnResults%3A%20Velocities%20measured%20in%20vitro%20and%20in%20vivo%20by%20using%20the%20SEPC%20and%20DEPC%20MRI%20approaches%20were%20well%20correlated%20%28r%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%202%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%26gt%3B%200.97%29%2C%20with%20negligible%20bias%20%28%26lt%3B0.5%20cm%5C%2Fsec%29%20and%20comparable%20velocity-to-noise%20ratios.%20Imaging%20times%20were%20approximately%2019%25%20shorter%20with%20the%20DEPC%20method%20%28TR%2C%205.7%20msec%29%20than%20with%20the%20SEPC%20method%20%28TR%2C%202.8%20msec%20%5Cu00b1%204.2%29%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%20.05%29.%5CnConclusion%3A%20The%20proposed%20DEPC%20method%20was%20sensitive%20to%20two%20velocity%20regimes%20within%20a%20single%20TR%2C%20resulting%20in%20a%20shorter%20imaging%20time%20compared%20with%20the%20imaging%20time%20in%20conventional%20SEPC%20MRI.%20Preliminary%20human%20study%20results%20suggest%20the%20feasibility%20of%20using%20this%20approach%20to%20estimate%20E%5C%2FEm.Supplemental%20material%20is%20available%20for%20this%20article.%5Cu00a9%20RSNA%2C%202020.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22June%202020%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1148%5C%2Fryct.2020190126%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222638-6135%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22CXMKC5YW%22%2C%22EA6QZY69%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-04-08T16%3A39%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22A6Q5D5I3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Angelini%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-04-21%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BAngelini%2C%20P.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMuthupillai%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20R.%2C%20Cheong%2C%20B.%20et%20al.%20%282020%29.%20We%20have%20plenty%20of%20reasons%20to%20propose%20new%2C%20updated%20policies%20for%20preventing%20sudden%20cardiac%20death%20in%20young%20athletes.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJ%20Am%20Heart%20Assoc%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B9%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20e014368.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1161%5C%2FJAHA.119.014368%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1161%5C%2FJAHA.119.014368%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22We%20have%20plenty%20of%20reasons%20to%20propose%20new%2C%20updated%20policies%20for%20preventing%20sudden%20cardiac%20death%20in%20young%20athletes%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paolo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Angelini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Paisley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Apr%2021%2C%202020%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1161%5C%2FJAHA.119.014368%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222047-9980%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22UJCYSTVM%22%2C%22CXMKC5YW%22%2C%22EA6QZY69%22%2C%22MDMKKD23%22%2C%228PULYTSK%22%2C%22X2D36SJL%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-05-07T20%3A36%3A06Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22XLL7NXPV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4862227%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Duran%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BDuran%2C%20C.%2C%20Masood%2C%20I.%2C%20Duran%2C%20A.%20et%20al.%20%282020%29.%20Multidetector%20Computed%20Tomography%20%28MDCT%29%20angiography%20in%20the%20pre-procedural%20assessment%20of%20patients%20undergoing%20transcatheter%20aortic%20valve%20replacement.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BEurasian%20J%20Med%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B52%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%2086%26%23x2013%3B93.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.5152%5C%2Feurasianjmed.2019.18329%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.5152%5C%2Feurasianjmed.2019.18329%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Multidetector%20Computed%20Tomography%20%28MDCT%29%20angiography%20in%20the%20pre-procedural%20assessment%20of%20patients%20undergoing%20transcatheter%20aortic%20valve%20replacement%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cihan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Duran%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Irfan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Masood%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alper%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Duran%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Luba%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Frank%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Arsalan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Saleem%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muthupillai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%20Y.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cheong%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Transcatheter%20aortic%20valve%20replacement%20%28TAVR%29%20initially%20emerged%20as%20an%20alternative%20option%20to%20surgical%20aortic%20valve%20replacement%20%28SAVR%29%20for%20patients%20with%20severe%20aortic%20stenosis%20who%20were%20considered%20either%20inoperable%20or%20high-risk%20for%20surgery.%20However%2C%20since%20its%20advent%20the%20role%20of%20TAVR%20has%20been%20continuously%20evolving%20on%20the%20basis%20of%20clinical%20trials%20which%20showed%20that%20TAVR%20is%20non-inferior%20to%20SAVR%20in%20patients%20with%20moderate%20as%20well%20as%20low-risk%20for%20surgery.%20Because%20of%20recent%20technological%20advances%2C%20multidetector%20computer%20tomography%20%28MDCT%29%20is%20inherently%20suitable%20for%20the%20pre-procedural%20assessment%20of%20patients%20being%20considered%20for%20TAVR%20within%20a%20very%20short%20imaging%20time%2C%20MDCT%20can%20measure%20the%20diameter%20of%20the%20aortic%20annulus%2C%20provide%20detailed%20information%20regarding%20the%20status%20of%20the%20entire%20thoracoabdominal%20aorta%2C%20and%20assess%20the%20caliber%20of%20the%20peripheral%20vasculature%20used%20for%20transcatheter%20heart%20valve%20delivery.%20This%20information%20helps%20interventionists%20make%20optimal%20pre-procedural%20decisions%20and%20avoid%20complications.%20To%20familiarize%20non-imaging%20specialists%20with%20the%20role%20of%20MDCT%20in%20TAVR%2C%20we%20provide%20a%20concise%20overview%20of%20our%20approach%20to%20using%20this%20modality%20for%20the%20pre-procedural%20assessment%20of%20TAVR%20candidates.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Feb%202020%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.5152%5C%2Feurasianjmed.2019.18329%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221308-8734%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22CXMKC5YW%22%2C%22EA6QZY69%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T20%3A05%3A21Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Rajagopal, K. R., Myneni, M., Trevino, A. et al. (2023). Developing improved mathematical models of aortic mechanics. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, S0022-5223(23)00159–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.02.004.
Kumar, P., Liu, C., Suliburk, J. et al. (2022). Supplementing glycine and n-acetylcysteine (glynac) in older adults improves glutathione deficiency, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, physical function, and aging hallmarks: A randomized clinical trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, glac135. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glac135.
Cheong, B. Y. C., Wilson, J. M., Preventza, O. A. et al. (2022). Gadolinium-based contrast agents: updates and answers to typical questions regarding gadolinium use. Tex Heart Inst J 49, e217680. https://doi.org/10.14503/THIJ-21-7680.
Pednekar, A. S., Cheong, B. Y. C. and Muthupillai, R. (2021). Ultrafast computation of left ventricular ejection fraction by using temporal intensity variation in cine cardiac magnetic resonance. Tex Heart Inst J 48, e207238. https://doi.org/10.14503/THIJ-20-7238.
Angelini, P., Muthupillai, R., Lopez, A. et al. (2021). Young athletes: Preventing sudden death by adopting a modern screening approach? A critical review and the opening of a debate. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 34, 100790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100790.
Cheong, B. Y. C., Wilson, J. M., Spann, S. J. et al. (2021). Coronary artery calcium scoring: an evidence-based guide for primary care physicians. J Intern Med 289, 309–324. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13176.
Kumar, P., Liu, C., Suliburk, J. W. et al. (2020). Supplementing Glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) in Aging HIV Patients Improves Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, Genotoxicity, Strength, and Cognition: Results of an Open-Label Clinical Trial. Biomedicines 8, E390. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100390.
Ajala, A., Zhang, J., Pednekar, A. et al. (2020). Mitral valve flow and myocardial motion assessed with dual-echo dual-velocity cardiac MRI. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2, e190126. https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.2020190126.
Angelini, P., Muthupillai, R., Cheong, B. et al. (2020). We have plenty of reasons to propose new, updated policies for preventing sudden cardiac death in young athletes. J Am Heart Assoc 9, e014368. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.014368.
Duran, C., Masood, I., Duran, A. et al. (2020). Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) angiography in the pre-procedural assessment of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Eurasian J Med 52, 86–93. https://doi.org/10.5152/eurasianjmed.2019.18329.